Tag: Arduino

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Results of temperature measurements at lake Nokoué

10/11/2019

Reporter Katrijn Baetens

The team got back to the lake the 11th of November to pick up the thermometers left at the three stations. The one at the yatch club unfertunately was not sealed properly, so no data could be retrieved. Also the one at the west of the lake did not provide us with good data, here the issue was a malfunctioning of the thermocouple itself. The data logger in the center gave results for 7 days, the light was not switched on when retrieved, this sensor used rechargeable batteries.

The results of the 6 day temperature measurements:

 

Temperature evolution in the center of lake Nokoué Benin, Oct 2019
Average daily temperature and precipitation in Cotonou October 2019

From the results it is clear that their is mostly a clear day-night cycle observed in the surface temperatures of the lake except during the night of 17 and 18 October. The average temperatures of the atmosphere in the region did not explain why there was a decrease in overall surface temperature, an increased precipitation rate could have induced the observed temperature drom. Further research is necessary.

Our first experiences with the Arduino based equipment are good, however, to compete with the professional equipment , a better solution for powering the device should be found. Also proficient care should be given to sealing up the system and making sure the sensor is properly working.

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Reanalysis of the first results

Sunday 13th of October 2019

After 10 busy days full of working and adjusting our work, we finally managed to make the temperatures measured at the port presentable and in a good format.

After ten days of hard work the team (Zacharie, Katrijn, Sylvain, Wilfried, Medard and field expert Victor) finally have the confidence to test there sensors in the field

After reanalysing the data of 3 and 4 October and comparing them with the GPS shield output we can come up with the following results:

Results of the sensor left at the port of Cotonou

The conclusion of these measurements is that the system is too unstable to produce good results and the gps module uses a lot of battery. After removing the GPS module and stabilizing the system we found the following results:

The conclusion of these measurements is that the addition of shock absorbers  proved very beneficial, there was one power cut that happened during the recollection of the system. The results can be positioned in time in a reliable manner.

On monday, when we will analyse the results gathered during the weekend, we will see if these conclusions can be hold in a real experimental set up.

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Putting the system to the test

Friday, October 11th 2019

Report and pictures: Medard Honfo, Katrijn Baetens

After several days of preparation, a stable system was developed so we have the confidence to put the system to the test on the lake itself. After the last verifications our team (Zacharie Sohou, Katrijn Baetens, Medard Honfo, Sylvain Amoussou) and Mr Victor Okpeitcha,an oceanographic ingeneer of IRD/IRHOB took “une pirogue”, a local type of boat, to deposit three thermometers. The stations were next to existing stations of IRD/IRHOB, this will help the validation of our system and avoid double work.

Map of the positions were the sensors are released.
Station 1 (yellow) in the middle of the canal.
station 2 (orange) in the middle of the lake, this was not evident, luckily we got help from local fishermen
Station 3: A permanent station installed by IRD/IRHOB (blue)

Methodology used to install the sensors:

Step 1: fix a perforated pipe in the water

Step 2: Put the sensor inside, the sensor will float on the water

Step 3: close the system and put a lock on it

Fixing the sensors was not always straightforward
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Production of more sensors and connection to the internet

Thursday October 10th 2019

Reporter: Wilfried Sintonji

Photos: Katrijn Baetens et Wilfried Sintonji

Today the students working on this project have assembled and configured their sensors independently. They also tested other types of containers made of local materials.

The new container type indeed was waterproof
The students working together to get the configuration of their sensor right.

Today we finally managed to attach the module system to our sensor, unfortunately we did not arrive to make it reliable enough to attach it to the operational system.

The first succesfull messages sent by the sensor

We ended the day by recollecting the second testtype we deposited at the port yesterday.

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Adding a shock absorber to the system

Tuesday the 8th of October 2019

Reporter: Médard Honfo

Pictures: Katrijn Baetens

Today we kept improving the system, we noticed the data gaps originated from small shocks that the batterie containers were not able to absorb, hence we searched for different methods to add a shock absorber to the system. The pictures show some of the ideas we had, in the end we kept it simple and just added some padding to the box. In the evening we put the box back to the port for a second test.

Investigating different methods for a shock absorber

 

 

 

 

 

 

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First data gave insights in how to improve the sensor

Monday 7th of October 2019

Report and figure: Sylvain Amoussou

Pictures: www.lastminuteengineers.com

We analyzed the data of the first prototype. The prototype has been activated at 5 pm on Friday, October 2019 as Wilfried described in the last report.
The figure shows the temperature measured by the prototype from 5 pm local time on Friday. The figure1 (a) shows that the temperature is almost constant from 5 pm to around 7 pm, the temperature decreases and oscillates overnight. The figure 1 (b) show the temperature from 12 am to 8am UTM time. The temperature still oscillated from 12 am to 5 am UTM. But after that, the temperature is almost constan, the oscillations started  when the sun went down and stopped when it went under.

Data gathered with the prototype during 3 October (a) and 4 October (b)at the port of Cotonou.

Today we also further improved our model:

  • The prototype has stopped for during the night, luckily it started back independently.
  • We verified the voltage on the batteries. We noticed that the remaining voltage was 6,28 V which is half of the 12V of the fully charged battery pack. We still need to further investigate if this is acceptable.
  • In the future we would like to use a gsm module in stead of a gps module, this will allow to transfer data without having to open the box. We found a solution to charge the lithion/ion battery that charges this module.
Electronic scheme from https://lastminuteengineers.com, a very helpfull site for developing arduino projects
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Testing the prototype in the waters of the port of Cotonou.

03/10/2019 at “Institut de Recherches Halieutiques et Océanologiques du Benin” (IRHOB)

Reporter: Wilfried Sintondji
Pictures: Wilfried Sintondji and Katrijn Baetens

The first session started at 9:00 in the morning in the presence of Katrijn Baetens of RBINS, dr. Zacharie Sohou, the director of IRHOB, dr George Degbé et mr. Médard Honfo of IRHOB. There is also an important participation of students selected for this project: Mr Sylvain Amoussou and Mr  Wilfried Sintondji.

After an introduction to the project Katrijn Baetens présented all the parts and materials that are needed to develop the thermometers. During this occasion she used the prototype developed in Belgium to demonstrate how everything works. After this each student was trusted with a task to copy the prototype and get the hang of the system.  Some of the tasks needed are:

  • Constructing and testing if the box containing the electronics is waterproof

    The box remained waterproof during lab testing
  • Checking the voltage of the system
  • Test the wiring of the new thermometer system on a breadboard
  • Double check if the prototype is working

    The prototype works independently and the GPS receives a signal
  • Programming the thermometer with the desirable time parameters
The students working hard on their assigned tasks. Médard on the left is wiring the new thermometers, Sylvain in the middle is preparing a new waterproof box and Wilfried on the right is isolating the electronic wires.

At the end of the day we were able to test our first prototype in the waters of the port of Cotonou.

On our way to test the first prototype in the waters of the port of Cotonou